The working principle of speakers is mainly to generate a magnetic field through the change of current, which in turn drives the diaphragm to vibrate and finally produces sound. Specifically, speakers are composed of electromagnets, coils and speaker diaphragms. When current passes through the coil, an electromagnetic field is generated, which interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, causing the coil and diaphragm to vibrate, thereby driving the air to vibrate and produce sound.
Different types of speakers have different working principles, but the basic principles are similar. For example:
Dynamic coil speaker: This is the most common type. Current passes through the coil to generate a changing magnetic field, which drives the diaphragm to vibrate.
Electrostatic speaker: Uses electrostatic field to drive the diaphragm to vibrate.
Ion speaker: High voltage discharge is used to charge air molecules, thereby generating sound waves.
The differences in structure and working principle of these different types of speakers are mainly reflected in the application of magnetic and electric fields, but in the end, they all convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and then into sound.